ABSTRACT
Objective@#The study aimed to explore the relationship between childhood maltreatment (CM) and the Big Five personality traits of middle school students, so as to provide scientific evidence for promoting the healthy development of middle school students personality.@*Methods@#A total of 5 724 middle school students from Xuancheng, Hefei and Huaibei of Anhui Province were selected by using a multi stage stratified cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey, including demographic characteristics, CM experience and Big Five personality traits. Linear regression analysis and canonical correlation analysis were used to explore the associations between CM and the Big Five personality traits.@*Results@#Physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect of middle school students were significantly associated with conscientiousness ( β = -1.71 --2.55) and neuroticism ( β =1.93-3.87) personality traits( P <0.05). Except physical abuse, all other types of CM were significantly associated with extraversion ( β =-1.04--2.32) and agreeableness ( β =-1.07--1.37) personality traits( P <0.05), and only sexual abuse was associated with openness personality trait( β=-0.70, P <0.05). Except for openness personality trait, the relationship between the number of CM experience and the personality traits of middle school students was statistically significant; there was a dose response relationship between the number of CM experiences and the scores of personality traits each dimension( P < 0.05). In the canonical correlation analysis, the canonical correlation coefficient was -0.375( P <0.05). CM experiences were mainly reflected by emotional abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect (canonical load coefficient was 0.556-0.951). The Big Five personality traits were mainly reflected by neuroticism, conscientiousness and extraversion (canonical load coefficient was -0.702 -0.639).@*Conclusion@#There is a correlation between CM and the personality traits of middle school students, and prevention of CM is of great significance for promoting the healthy development of middle school students personality.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To make etiological diagnosis and evaluate the protective effects of post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP) in an event of one dog injured seven persons.@*Methods@#Direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were employed to detect nucleoprotein and nucleoprotein(N) gene of rabies virus in the brain tissues of the dog, the positive samples were sequenced for the full length of N gene of rabies virus, then the homology of the N gene of rabies virus was analyzed after the phylogenetic tree was constructed. Rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) was applied to detect the rabies virus neutralizing antibodies(RVNA) on day 0, 14 and 40 after PEP.@*Results@#The cerebral, cerebellar and hippocampal tissues were positive by DFA and nested PCR. The phylogenetic tree indicated the rabies virus belonged to the rabies virus genotype I. The homology of the nucleotide and amino acid of the rabies virus N gene were over 86% with the vaccine strains. The titer of the RVNA increased significantly from the day 0 to day 14 after PEP, the lowest was 5.78 IU/ml and the highest was 26.15 IU/ml. On the day 40, the highest RVNA titer was 51.96 IU/ml. No rabies cases occurred in a one year follow-up visit.@*Conclusions@#Normative PEP can effectively prevent the occurrence of rabies cases.